Abstract: With development of the manufacturing industries, the machining precision and production efficiency of CNC machine tools has become the key point, and solving the vibration problem in the processing process has become an effective method to ensure the manufacturing quality. According to the structural characteristics of the machining center, and mainly considering the rotation accuracy of the principal axis and vibration of the operation platform, a set of detection system for machine vibration is designed and the design and implementation scheme for the hardware and software system are offered in this paper. The function and rationality of the vibration detection system are tested. The results show that the system can realize the effective detection and analysis of the operating situation of the principal axis and operation platforms in the machining center. This design can provide reference for research on vibration detection and fault diagnosis system of the CNC machine tools in East Guangdong, which has certain theoretical significance and application value.