Abstract: The electric shovel ventilation and dust removal system is used to ensure the positive pressure in the shed, prevent the dust from causing damage to the electromechanical equipment in the shed and electrical room, and reduce the working temperature of the internal electromechanical equipment. Its performance directly affects the service life of the relevant parts inside the electric shovel and the working efficiency of the whole machine. The Venturi tube is the core part of the ventilation and dust removal pulse cleaning system. Through the numerical simulation analysis, the variation law of the gas flow characteristics inside the Venturi tube is obtained. The research results provide theoretical guidance for the optimization design of the Venturi tube, and have important engineering practical value for improving the operation effect of the ventilation and dust removal system.