Abstract: In response to the challenges faced by the photovoltaic (PV) power generation systems regarding inaccurate data collection and safety issues in the grid-connected systems, this study proposes an innovative design solution based on microcontroller technology. By integrating electronic mechanical, Internet of Things (IoT), and sensor technologies, a systematic hardware and software design for PV power generation systems is developed. Through design and experiments, connection between the main control module, sub-module data acquisition and communication modules is completed, and the integrity and accuracy of the system are verified. This design solution successfully addresses the issue of inaccurate data collection in PV power generation systems, providing a reliable solution for the intelligence and grid safety of such systems. To mitigate the potential problem of low-voltage ride-through in PV power generation and grid-connected systems, lever circuitry is employed for circuit protection, accompanied by overall grid modifications to effectively address the issue. This design holds significant application value in enhancing the intelligence of power equipment and grid integration capabilities.