Abstract: This study focused on the lateral wheel-rail collision vibration system and established a two-degree-of-freedom dynamic model of the train wheel-rail system with clearance.The system's dynamic response was numerically solved using the fourth-order Runge-Kutta method.Bifurcation diagrams, phase trajectories, and Poincaré sections obtained through simulation were used for an in-depth analysis of the system's dynamic behavior.The results revealed complex nonlinear dynamic phenomena, such as period-doubling bifurcation and Hopf bifurcation. Furthermore, the dynamic characteristics of the wheel-rail lateral collision vibration system under different excitation frequencies were analyzed. The analysis provides a theoretical basis for the prediction and control of chaos in the design of lateral suspension parameters, thereby helping to improve the running stability and ride comfort of trains.