水产养殖饵料输送机设计试验

Design and Testing of Aquaculture Feed Conveyors

  • 摘要: 针对传统网箱养殖黏性饵料水上投放作业工作强度大、效率低的问题,该文开发了一款适应水上环境连续作业的黏性饵料自动输送装备。根据实际网箱养殖需求,首先在密闭管道内,基于交互式负压吸入原理通过进料口吸入搅烂的黏性饵料;其次,应用液压控制技术驱动液压回路在管道内形成高压,将黏性饵料挤出至设备输料口,进而传送至各个网箱投料点;再次,由需求确定动力油泵、液压缸、液压管道的部分参数;最后,根据设计方案进行零部件制造加工,再整体装配形成样机。样机投入某网箱养殖现场进行试验,试验发现,该装备能正常输送黏性饵料长度达102 m,输送能力达到5.3 m3/h,满足实际养殖需求。该装备无需外接外部电源,且可根据养殖需求调整动力设备阈值。该养殖装备的开发对水上尤其是海洋网箱养殖饵料输送具有实际应用参考价值。

     

    Abstract: Aiming at the problems of high labor intensity and low efficiency in the water-based feeding operation of sticky feed for traditional cage aquaculture, this paper develops an automatic conveying equipment for sticky feed suitable for continuous operation in aquatic environments. According to the practical requirements of cage culture, the working principle of the equipment is as follows: firstly, the crushed sticky feed is sucked through the feeding port into the closed pipeline based on the interactive negative pressure suction principle; secondly, hydraulic control technology is adopted to drive the hydraulic circuit to generate high pressure inside the pipeline, extruding the sticky feed to the equipment discharge port and further conveying it to the feeding points of each cage; thirdly, partial parameters of the power oil pump, hydraulic cylinder and hydraulic pipeline are determined in accordance with the operation demands; finally, all parts are processed and manufactured based on the design scheme, followed by overall assembly to form a prototype machine. The prototype was tested at an actual cage aquaculture site. The test results show that the equipment can stably convey sticky feed over a distance of 102 m with a conveying capacity of 5.3 m3/h, which meets the practical aquaculture requirements. The equipment does not require an external power supply, and the threshold of power equipment can be adjusted according to different breeding demands. The development of this conveying equipment possesses practical application reference value for feed transportation in aquatic aquaculture, especially marine cage culture.

     

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