Abstract: To investigate the strength of the connection structure between the frame and the water tank of a cleaning vehicle, this paper takes the key connection structure of a certain model of electric cleaning vehicle as the research object. A three-dimensional model of the connection structure is established, and the load characteristics of the cleaning vehicle under two typical working conditions are determined. Finite element analyses under different working conditions are then carried out to obtain the stress distribution of the key connection structure. Stress testing experiments are conducted to verify the rationality and accuracy of the simulation results. The research results provide an important reference for the optimization of the connection structure between the cleaning vehicle frame and the water tank.