Abstract: In the context of the intelligent development of modern manufacturing, robotic welding serves as a critical technology for enhancing welding quality and efficiency, making the advancement of its intelligence level essential. Vision technology, with its advantages of non-contact, high precision, rapid detection, and strong adaptability, has found extensive applications in the field of robotic welding. This paper focuses on the current state of vision technology in robotic welding, examining the challenges and solutions associated with advanced visual sensing technologies in improving the automation level and welding quality of the welding process. The research presented herein offers new technological pathways to address key issues in robotic welding, providing a reference for the deeper application and development of vision technology in this domain.